Office Web Apps will provide web-based versions for desktop versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and even OneNote. Of course, storing and sharing Office documents on the Web is not a new thing. Previously, Microsoft's Office Live Workspace was able to save and manage documents online. However, Office Web Apps provide an advantage by allowing you to actually create and edit documents through a browser. Ultimately, Office Web Apps will inevitably replace Office Live Workspace.
Compared to the full set of functions provided in the desktop version, the editing commands in Web Apps only provide the most basic functions. However, these basic functions can help users more easily update documents and collaborate on the same documents.
Users can save their documents through the Windows Live SkyDrive service (Microsoft's free online storage area), and SkyDrive is completely an online storage site. SkyDrive can provide up to 250GB of free space, making it an ideal storage location for large files and documents that require online access but do not require synchronization. Enterprises using SharePoint can create repositories for these documents to store them internally on their SharePoint servers. Finally, companies using specific Microsoft online services such as SharePoint Online can store documents in the cloud.
Office Web Apps is currently a beta version. Before using Web Apps, you need to first install Office 2010 Beta. After installing Office 2010, you can start Word, Excel, or PowerPoint to try out Office Web Apps.
Take Word as an example. First, create or open a document in Word, and then click on the 'File' menu to access the Backstage. When using Office 2010 for the first time, you can quickly save and open documents and run other commonly used commands through Backstage. From the Backstage, click the 'Share' command, and then click 'Save to SkyDrive'. The system will prompt you to log in to SkyDrive using a Windows Live account.
Four default folders will be displayed - 'Photos',' Videos', 'Documents', and' Public Folder '. The first three folders store items for personal viewing only, while the 'public folder' contains files that you want to share with others. Double click on one of the folders, such as' Documents'. A common "Save As" dialog box will pop up, where you can choose the name and file format of the document, and then save it.
After saving the document to SkyDrive for the first time, you must log in directly to your SkyDrive account through your browser to accept the Web Apps usage agreement. In SkyDrive, select the 'Documents' folder, then select the document you just saved, and then click the' View 'command. A protocol will be displayed, and the document can only pop up in your browser after you accept it. After accepting the agreement, you can save and open online documents more smoothly.
After establishing a workspace through SkyDrive, you don't need to install Office 2010 locally to access documents. Through a browser, you can create, edit, view, delete, copy, move, rename, and download documents.
You can share documents with others through Web Apps, requiring you to send links to your documents to everyone via email. Users with Windows Live accounts and access rights can view and edit these shared documents online.
Web Apps can only run in environments with Internet Explorer 7 and 8 installed; Firefox 3.5 or higher is required to be installed on Windows, Linux, and Mac; Safari 4.0 or higher is also required to be installed on the Mac.

Office is Microsoft's flagship product, and the latest version brings many features and different office experiences. The Professional Enhanced Edition of Office has the most functional components, including Word, Excel, Access, Powerpoint, Outlook, Publisher, Skype for Business, and OneDrive for Business. It extensively integrates the functions needed in daily life, as well as its innovative online icon insertion, ink writing, new functions, and horizontal page flipping The eight major functions of Chinese Hanyi font library, immersive learning, multi monitor display optimization, and label switching animation effects help work more efficiently and conveniently.
Installation Tutorial
Firstly, your computer must meet the minimum requirements of Microsoft Office for computers, and it is best not to have other versions of Office on your computer. If there are other versions of Office, please uninstall the previous version of Office in the control panel first.
After the Microsoft Office download is completed, as shown in the figure above, it is a CD image file. Click the right mouse button → Open Method → Windows Explorer.
2. Then double-click on the red Setup.exe running file to directly install it! The following is a waiting process for installation.
3. After installation, it will not automatically create shortcuts. We can find all the installed Office 2019 program components from the Start menu.
Activation steps
1. Open any component of Office 2019 (Access, Excel, PowerPoint, or Word), click on File ->Account ->Change License in the top left corner, and a box for entering the product key will pop up. After entering the Office activation key, click on "Activate Office".
2. Then, close Word and reopen it. The wizard window will be prompted to activate, select "I want to activate the software through phone call", click Next, as shown in the following figure, and then proceed to the next step.
3. Step 2 of the activation wizard page: Send the installation ID below to the office Chinese website customer service, and we will help you submit your installation ID to the product center. Please be patient and wait!
4. After the verification is successful, I will inform you that you click on "Back" and select "I would like to activate the software through the Internet"
5. Then click "Next" and wait for a moment. The activation wizard will display that the replica has been activated.
Office 2019 Professional Plus provides a complete toolset for individual and team productivity, connecting users to critical business processes. The all-new Office 2019 provides cross application functionality to help users create amazing content in a shorter amount of time. Some new features include a movie presentation with new features such as deformation and scaling in PowerPoint 2019. More powerful data analysis in Excel 2019 (such as new formulas, new charts, and Power BI integration). The new and improved ink writing features in applications in Windows, such as roaming pencil boxes, pressure sensing, and tilting effects, allow you to naturally create documents.
Create, showcase, communicate, and publish professional looking documents using Office Professional Plus 2019. Take a brand new spin on your favorite productivity tool, and you will start running with familiar but enhanced features in Word, Excel, Access, Lync programs, PowerPoint, OneNote, Outlook, Publisher, Access, Skype for Business.
Word 2019 and Outlook 2019 can help you focus on the most important things. Learning tools such as reading aloud and text spacing make it easier for you to participate in your content. Focus mode can prevent interference and prioritize your content. Focused Inbox moves less important emails away, allowing you to handle business directly.
Office 2019 Professional Plus also includes advanced features such as archiving emails directly from Outlook and Exchange data loss protection. Use Inquire to scan spreadsheets for errors and inconsistencies in Excel and Power Pivot. Integrate with Windows Rights Management Service (RMS) of Windows Server. Website email: Access project related emails in Exchange and documents in SharePoint, all from Outlook and others.
Office 2019 specifically uses point-and-play technology, so customers can benefit from modern deployment technologies, thereby reducing costs and improving security. Advantages include predictable monthly security updates, the latest applications during installation, and reduced network consumption through Windows 10 download optimization technology.

The embryonic form of foreign IPTV business can be traced back to 1985. At that time, several telecommunications companies in the United States (GTE, Ameritech, and Bell Atlantic) conducted experiments on video transmission over fiber optic and DSL. However, due to the fact that the services provided by these companies were not significantly different from those of cable television companies, the video services of telecommunications companies did not become mainstream.
The real starting point for the development of IPTV business should be the IPTV business launched by Video Networks in the UK in 1999. Afterwards, many foreign telecom operators have successively entered the IPTV market. The main driving factors are technological progress and the expansion of market demand: (1) the advancement of IPTV's key technology - video compression technology, which enables video programs to achieve higher picture quality with lower bitstreams; (2) The development of global broadband networks has provided a reliable and stable path for the transmission of IPTV services; (3) The rapid development of broadband access in the world has solved the last mile bottleneck problem in IPTV service provision; (4) Telecom operators have been vigorously developing broadband, but have not received sufficient profits from it, and the profitability of broadband is still limited to the collection of access fees; (5) The opening up of the telecommunications market has led to an increasing number of new entrants entering the telecommunications market through the relaxation of regulatory policies, especially cable television operators entering the telecommunications market, providing users with "triple play" services with existing television services and new telecommunications services. This measure has created a strong sense of crisis for telecommunications operators, who urgently need to find innovative services to improve ARPU and enhance user stickiness; (6) The prosperity of broadband access has not brought prosperity in content services, and most of the business and applications on broadband networks are still in the narrow band period, and the consumption needs of broadband users are far from being met.
Overview of IPTV Market Development
The operators deploying IPTV services are mainly concentrated in Europe, America, and some countries and regions in the Asia Pacific region. Telecom operators usually use high-speed DSL or FTTP technology to provide IPTV services to users. By the end of 2004, the two largest operators with the highest number of IPTV users were FastWeb in Italy and PCCW in Hong Kong, China.
1. North America
In the North American IPTV market, traditional Canadian telecommunications companies are at the forefront. Manitoba Telecom (MTS) and SaskTel have already opened IPTV services using VDSL and ADSL, and Telus and Canadian Bell also plan to enter this market in 2005.
From the perspective of user development, as of September 2004, the number of IPTV users of Canadian telecommunications operators was approximately 50000, accounting for about 2% of the total number of television users in Canada. It is expected that by the end of 2006, the number of IPTV users will reach 250000, with a user market share of 17%, and its market share will steadily increase.
Compared with the Canadian IPTV market, the development process of the US IPTV market is relatively stable. In 2001, Qwest Communications took the lead in launching an IPTV service based on VDSL technology to users in the Phoenix region. Afterwards, numerous independent local operators in the United States actively carried out IPTV services on DSL networks and fiber optic networks within their service areas. Since 2005, the three major RBOCs in the United States - SBC, Southern Bell, and Verizon - have also started deploying IPTV services.
2. Europe
Many telecom operators in Europe also have a positive attitude towards IPTV business, especially FastWeb's success in IPTV business in Italy, which has changed the wait-and-see attitude of many operators. Almost all traditional European telecommunications operators have conducted IPTV experiments, with France Telecom being the most proactive and having already opened services in Lyon.
Belgium Telecom, Netherlands Telecom, Austria Telecom, and Norway Telecom are all conducting commercial experiments on IPTV.
3. Asia Pacific region
The development of broadband has greatly promoted the deployment of IPTV in the Asia Pacific region, and many telecom operators have entered the IPTV market. These telecom operators usually use DSL or fiber optic access technology to provide users with high-speed data, VoIP, and video services including digital television and video on demand. The better performing operators are PCCW in Hong Kong, China and Yahoo in Japan! BB。
Since early 2003, Yahoo! Since the opening of BB's multi-channel radio, television, and video on demand services in Tokyo, Yahoo! BB's television business is gradually integrating with its existing telephone and broadband services, which has driven the rapid growth of TVover DSL users.
PCCW in Hong Kong, China launched a DSL based digital television service in September 2003, with 367000 signed users by November 2004.
Business and Tariffs
The IPTV service not only expands the use of telecommunications terminals, but also expands the range of services that television terminals can support, covering a very wide range of services. IPTV can provide services mainly including television services, communications services and various value-added service. Specifically, television services refer to services related to television business, such as broadcasting and television, on-demand television, personal video recording, etc; Communication services mainly refer to voice services based on IP, instant messaging services, television short messages, etc; Value-added service refers to TV shopping, interactive advertising, online games, etc.
When foreign telecom operators enter the IPTV market, their preferred services are often television and VOD services. Some operators also provide a variety of value-added service, such as Canada's MTS, which provides interactive program navigation and call display that can be searched by topic or title, and has opened a TV portal, through which users can learn weather and other public information as well as channel information; FastWeb in Italy has opened the PVR (Personal Video Recording) service, which allows users to control live television through STB operations; Some operators also offer applications such as television commerce.
Foreign telecom operators mainly consider market affordability and investment in deploying IPTV services when pricing IPTV services. Due to the degree of market competition in their respective countries and regions, as well as the differences in network investment and operating costs among telecom operators, there are significant differences in IPTV service fees among them. The basic cost of IPTV services for Video Network in the UK is $65 per month (including 1Mbps broadband access), while for Yahoo in Japan! BB is $19 per month.
The difference in business fees also reflects the competitive strategy of operators when entering the IPTV market. Generally speaking, in countries with a high degree of market openness, in order to establish a competitive advantage against cable TV operators who have already entered the telecommunications market, maintain the loyalty of existing telecom business users, and reduce user disconnection rates, telecom operators often lower the pricing of IPTV services compared to existing market competitors when deploying IPTV services, and provide users with multiple business bundles to achieve greater discounts for users; In order to win users from competitors or cultivate users' habits of using pay TV, telecom operators often launch IPTV services at low prices. In the fiercely competitive pay-TV market in the UK, the IPTV service fee is generally between $20/month and $30/month, while in some European countries that are not yet accustomed to paying for television, the IPTV service of telecom operators is relatively low, such as Neuf IPTV service fee in France, which is less than $10/month.
Operation mode
In North America and some European countries with high levels of market competition, the government has gradually relaxed regulations on the mutual entry of cable television and telecommunications operations, allowing them to penetrate each other, providing opportunities for cable television operators to enter the telecommunications industry.
In response to the competitive situation where cable TV operators provide users with a fusion of cable TV services, broadband access, and telephone services, many telecom operators in Europe and America have also begun to deploy video services mainly focused on television. They have also launched a triple play business model that integrates IPTV, broadband access, and telephone services in the telecommunications field, in order to maintain a more favorable position in the new form of competition.
Therefore, foreign telecom operators often carry out IPTV services in a triple play mode. The Triple play model reflects the close connection between operators and users, and operators can provide users with three types of services simultaneously; Users can use services through the same terminal or different terminals in the home network.
Triple play brings discounts on pricing to users. The bundled services of MTS TV and DSL provided by MTS in Canada have a 12.5% reduction in fees compared to the sum of the two business fees. The Triple play model has greatly promoted the development of IPTV, while also bringing sustained growth in ARPU to operators. About 60% of residential users of SureWest, a small independent telecommunications company in California, USA, have ordered triple play.

In some abnormal situations, Office 2016 or Office 365 may not be able to be uninstalled by adding or removing programs. You can manually uninstall them using the following methods. The tutorial comes from Microsoft. Friends who encounter similar problems may want to give it a try.
1. Remove installation package
Open the Office 365 installation folder, usually C: Program Files for 32-bit systems and C: Program Files for 64-bit systems (x86)\
Remove installation folder, Microsoft Office 16 or Microsoft Office
2. Delete scheduled tasks
Open the Command Prompt with administrator privileges. The program is usually located in Start Menu>Accessories
Execute the following commands in sequence
schtasks.exe /delete /tn “\Microsoft\Office\Office Automatic Updates”
schtasks.exe /delete /tn “\Microsoft\Office\Office Subscription Maintenance”
schtasks.exe /delete /tn “\Microsoft\Office\Office ClickToRun Service Monitor”
schtasks.exe /delete /tn “\Microsoft\Office\OfficeTelemetryAgentLogOn2016”
schtasks.exe /delete /tn “\Microsoft\Office\OfficeTelemetryAgentFallBack2016”
3. End the Click To Run process
Right click the blank space of the taskbar, select Task Manager, and switch to the process (or details) tab
If you find the following process, right-click and select End Process
Officeclicktorun.exe
OfficeC2RClient.exe
appvshnotify.exe
setup*.exe
4. Delete Office Services
Open the Command Prompt with administrator privileges, and execute:
sc delete Clicktorunsvc
5. Delete Office related files
Press Windows and R simultaneously to open the Run dialog box
Enter% ProgramFiles% and confirm to delete Microsoft Office 16 and the Microsoft Office folder;
Enter% ProgramFiles (x86)% and confirm to delete the Microsoft Office folder;
Enter% CommonProgramFiles% Microsoft Shared and confirm to delete the ClickToRun folder;
Enter% ProgramData% Microsoft and confirm to delete the ClickToRun folder;
Enter% ProgramData% Microsoft office and confirm to delete the ClickToRunPackagerLocker folder.
6. Delete Registry
Press Windows and R simultaneously to open the Run dialog box, enter regedit and confirm
Locate the following registry key and delete it:
HKEY_ LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Office\ClickToRun
HKEY_ LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\AppVISV
HKEY_ LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Microsoft Office *
HKEY_ CURRENT_ USER\Software\Microsoft\Office
7. Delete Start Menu Shortcut
Press Windows and R simultaneously to open the Run dialog box, enter% ALLUSERSPROFILE% Microsoft Windows Start Menu Programs, and confirm
Delete Microsoft Office 16 folders and related shortcuts.
8. Uninstall other components
Open the Command Prompt with administrator privileges
For Office 2016 running x86 version on x64 operating system, run:
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008F-0000-1000-0000000FF1CE}
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008C-0000-0000-0000000FF1CE}
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008C-0409-0000-0000000FF1CE}
For Office 2016 running x86 version on x86 operating system, run:
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-007E-0000-0000-0000000FF1CE}
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008C-0000-0000-0000000FF1CE}
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008C-0409-0000-0000000FF1CE}
For Office 2016 running x64 version on x64 operating system, run:
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-007E-0000-1000-0000000FF1CE}
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008C-0000-1000-0000000FF1CE}
MsiExec.exe /X{90160000-008C-0409-1000-0000000FF1CE}
9. Others
Of course, you can also use the Office 2016 uninstallation tool provided by Microsoft.

The European region is the earliest, relatively fast and mature region for IPTV business development. A detailed analysis of the IPTV business carried out by telecom operators in various European countries reveals that although they consider IPTV business as a new revenue increasing channel, they have their own strengths in the specific deployment and promotion process when launching television business based on the national conditions and characteristics of each country. The various forms of business structure design, flexible and variable tariff standards, and a wide range of content provision all provide a good reference and reference for telecom operators to carry out IPTV business.
Years and major operators of IPTV market entry in some European countries and regions
britain:
British Telecom officially launched the BTVision service in December 2006, which combines the convenience of traditional television services with the interactivity of broadband services. Customers can choose TV programs according to their time and preferences. BTVision provides users with 30 free channels, including popular channels such as famous animation, National Geographic, and entertainment; The entertainment library provides a large number of movies, comedies, and music for video on demand; Video programs can be played back at any time; Customers who choose BT for all broadband services can receive a free £ 199 set-top box that provides 80 hours of storage space and supports high-definition TV formats. BTVision does not charge a monthly rental fee, but customers are required to pay £ 60 installation fee and £ 30 connection fee for BTVision business. The first batch of connected users for BTVision was 50000, and BT plans to provide services to 600000 users one year after its business launch. According to a recent survey released by ScreenDigest, the UK IPTV market is expected to experience its largest growth in 2007, and by the end of this year, UK IPTV subscribers will reach 2.5 times their current level.
In terms of content provision, BT actively collaborates with major media companies. BT has signed contracts with Warner Records in the United States, EMAP in the UK, Sony BMG, and others to obtain authorization to use music videos in IPTV services. In addition, BT has signed a contract with interactive product company Bidirectional Television to provide gaming channels for users. BT Telecom plans to launch sports professional services through a partnership with Setanta Sports Channel in the summer of 2007.
Germany:
In August 2006, Deutsche Telekom launched the T-Home three in one service. This business includes video on demand, single price broadband access and network phone, 60 free TV channels, as well as other paid channels and video recording. Deutsche Telekom stated that the price of the packaged service ranges from 60.84 to 90.84 euros. Deutsche Telekom focuses on enriching its content resources, including signing contracts with several major film producers.
At present, Deutsche Telekom has installed high-speed broadband networks based on VDSL technology in 10 major cities, providing T-Home services on top of this, with 3 million households covered by this service. The company's plan is to promote T-Home to 40 other cities through the promotion of the "three in one" feature, covering 6 million households.
At the beginning of 2007, Deutsche Telekom announced that it would invest 3 billion euros in the next few years to develop fiber optic access networks in Germany, providing faster internet access services for residential users, and achieving the integration of high-definition television, wireless communication, and internet access. Deutsche Telekom plans to develop 1 million IPTV users by the end of 2007. To ensure the smooth achievement of this goal, T-Com has invested 500 million euros in the construction of VDSL broadband network infrastructure, connecting 10 major cities in Germany through the internet, allowing users to access 50Mbit/s of internet speed even through high-resolution television.
France:
France Telecom launched the MagneTV service at the end of 2003. This service requires the configuration of an ADSL modem, which can provide wireless internet access, video phone services, and can also connect to a digital TV set-top box to provide network access. France Telecom's IPTV business mainly provides real-time television and VOD.
Starting from the fourth quarter of 2005, France Telecom adjusted its business model and launched the "France Telecom TV Package" to provide users with a "one-stop" IPTV service. By June 2006, the service had covered most cities in France with over 300000 users. So far, the Ma SigneTV business has 2 million users.
According to a survey by ScreenDigest, IPTV subscribers across Europe will increase from 2.9 million last year to 5.6 million in 2007, and subscription fees will increase from 470 million euros to 1 billion euros. Among them, nearly a million new subscribers will come from France.
Italy:
Fastweb, an Italian fixed line operator, began operating its IPTV business in 2002. By June 2005, Fastweb had nearly 190000 IPTV users, becoming the largest IPTV operator in Europe and the world's first profitable IPTV operator.
One-third of Fastweb TV's revenue comes from video on demand services. Its television programs include 20 free channels, 40 paid channels, and numerous on-demand programs to choose from. It also provides a web-based program recording function, allowing users to record programs produced by major Italian broadcasting and television companies and watch them when they have free time. The program content of VOD is divided into 14 thematic channels, with over 700 Hollywood films and thousands of other programs available for on-demand broadcasting. Fastweb has also launched a series of music services, including on-demand music videos and a comprehensive collection of music works over the years. In addition, online games are also an important business. This service charges 5 euros per month. In addition to paying a basic broadband fee of 887 euros per year, IPTV users also need to spend an additional average of 315 euros per program subscriber on the TV program.
Belgium:
Belgium Telecom has been conducting small-scale experiments on IPTV services since the end of 2004, investing a total of 300 million euros in fiber optic network construction. After preparing for the network and content, Belgian Telecom began to fully launch the BelgacomTV television service in September 2005. As of November 2005, BelgacomTV had 20000 users and provided over 60 TV programs. Belgium Telecom also collaborated with three major Hollywood production companies, DreamWorks, Paramount, and Warner Bros., to launch a video on demand service that includes over 300 movies. This brand has a classic+channel business, including 61 channels including BBC and Discovery, football and theme channels, and VOD business. At the same time, it can provide services such as PVR, time-shifted TV, interactive TV (opinion polls, voting, online games, etc.), TV online services (weather forecasts, astrology, real estate reports, SMS, government announcements, etc.), and parental control. The monthly fee is 9.95 euros. Belgian Telecom provides on-demand movie services through cooperation with film companies, ranging from 2 to 3.5 euros per film. At present, the number of IPTV service users of Belgium Telecom has reached 140000.

Office 2021 for Mac includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneDrive. The latest version of Office will come with new dark mode support, auxiliary function improvement, performance improvement for Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, excel dynamic array, XLOOKUP for Excel and other new functions.
word
Get tasks that are easier to complete, black themes, office sound, learning tool subtitles and audio instructions, text to speech conversion, improved ink functionality, accessibility improvements
Excel
Perform better data analysis, funnel and 2D maps, new Excel functions and connectors, publish Excel to PowerBI
Outlook
Manage email more effectively, update contact cards, Office 365 groups, @ elements, inbox with focus, travel and delivery summary cards, online accounts that require Exchange
PowerPoint
PowerQuery's enhanced features PowerPoint, "Create more infectious content," zoom in and out functionality in the order of slides in presentations, transform functionality, insert and manage icons, SVG and 3D models, improved pencil use cases for roaming

IPTV is a business that utilizes broadband networks to provide users with interactive multimedia services, with its main characteristics being interactivity and real-time. Through IPTV services, users can receive high-quality digital media services and freely choose video programs on broadband IP networks, achieving substantial interaction between media providers and media consumers.
IPTV can provide services mainly including television services, communications services and various value-added service. Specifically, television services refer to services related to television business, such as broadcast television, on-demand television, personal video recording, etc; Communication services mainly refer to voice services based on IP, instant messaging services, television short messages, etc; Value-added service refers to TV shopping, interactive advertising, online games, etc.
IPTV integrates the relevant characteristics of traditional television and the Internet, so it can be seen as a combination of traditional television services and emerging telecommunications services. The IPTV service not only expands the use of terminals for telecommunications services, but also expands the range of services that television terminals can support. For traditional television operators, the emergence and development of IPTV is a huge challenge, while for telecommunications operators, deploying IPTV services to provide users with new applications and rich services will be an effective way to enhance competitiveness and profitability.
The main driving force for telecom operators to develop IPTV
The development of IPTV by telecom operators can not only promote the development of broadband access, but also increase revenue while reducing user disconnection rates. At the same time, it can also address the challenges from cable TV operators.
The development of broadband access requires strong support from businesses, and the existing narrowband services are far from meeting the needs of the broadband era. Exploring new ways of user growth and business volume growth has become an important issue that fixed network operators need to pay attention to when developing broadband access. Telecom operators urgently need to find new services that can attract users and consume bandwidth, and IPTV is the business that suits this demand.
The development of IPTV business can bring potential lucrative profits to operators. Due to the relative saturation of traditional voice services and the lack of sufficient attractiveness of simple data services, telecom operators urgently need to find new profit growth points. For operators, despite the rapid development of data services and the fact that the network traffic of data services has begun to exceed traditional voice, the ARPU crisis faced by telecom operators cannot be solved due to the low unit price of services and slow revenue growth. Telecom operators provide bundled services including video, which can increase per user revenue while cultivating user loyalty, which is beneficial for maintaining users and reducing offline rates. Research has shown that providing three types of business bundling can reduce the offline rate by 50% compared to only providing a single business, and by 25% compared to providing two business bundling.
In some countries and regions with high levels of market openness, governments have relaxed regulations on the entry of cable television into telecommunications operations, allowing them to penetrate each other, providing opportunities for cable television operators to enter the telecommunications industry. In this competitive situation, telecommunications companies are not willing to fall behind. In order to seize the opportunity in future competition, European and American telecommunications operating companies have begun to deploy video services mainly based on IPTV. Deploying triple play services bundled with IPTV services can enable telecom operators to establish a favorable competitive position against cable TV operators, cultivate market and user demand through IPTV and other video services, and increase their experience in video business operations.
Analysis of IPTV Service Market for Foreign Telecom Operators
Since Video Networks launched its IPTV service in 1999, many foreign telecom operators have entered the IPTV market one after another. From the perspective of global development, although telecom operators believe that IPTV is suitable for future development needs and have begun to deploy this business, due to the lack of sufficient operational experience in IPTV by telecom operators, the operating market is not yet mature, and the user market still needs to be cultivated. This business form is also subject to competition from traditional cable TV and satellite live TV, Therefore, overall, the development of IPTV is still in its infancy.
The operators deploying IPTV services are concentrated in Europe, America, and some countries and regions in the Asia Pacific region. Telecom operators typically use high-speed DSL or FTTP technology to provide IPTV services to users. By the end of 2004, the two largest operators with the highest number of IPTV users were FastWeb in Italy and PCCW in Hong Kong, China. These two companies had nearly 70% of the user market share in terms of television users.
In the IPTV market of North American telecommunications operators, traditional Canadian telecommunications companies are at the forefront. Manitoba Telecom (MTS) and SaskTel have already opened IPTV services in VDSL and ADSL networks, and Telus and Bell Canada also plan to enter this market in 2005. From the perspective of user development, as of September 2004, the number of IPTV users of Canadian telecommunications operators was about 50000, accounting for about 2% of the total number of television users. It is expected to reach 250000 users by the end of 2006, and their market share will steadily increase, accounting for 17%.
Compared with the Canadian IPTV market, the development process of the US IPTV market is relatively stable. Large American telecommunications companies SBC and Quest initially chose to collaborate with satellite television companies to provide IPTV services in the form of reselling satellite broadcast television services. Numerous independent local operators in the United States are also actively conducting IPTV services on DSL and fiber optic networks in their territories.
Many telecom operators in Europe also have a positive attitude towards IPTV business, especially FastWeb's success in IPTV business in Italy, which has changed the wait-and-see attitude of many operators. France Telecom has the most positive attitude and has already opened its business in Lyon, with plans to open its business in Paris in March 2005. Belgium Telecom, Netherlands Telecom, Austria Telecom, and Norway Telecom are all conducting commercial experiments on IPTV.
When foreign telecom operators enter the IPTV market, their preferred services are often live TV and on-demand TV. Some operators also provide a variety of value-added service. For example, Canada's MTS provides interactive program navigation and call display that can be searched by topic or title, and has opened a TV portal, through which users can get public information such as weather and channel information; TCC, a subsidiary of SK in South Korea, provides applications such as time-shifted television and television commerce.
Foreign operators often adopt a bundled service model when conducting IPTV business, which provides users with a triple service - triple play. This is a service model that integrates voice, high-speed internet access, and IPTV. This emerging service model reflects the close connection between operators and users, and operators can provide users with three types of services simultaneously; Users can use services through the same terminal or different terminals in the home network. Triple play is born in a new market environment, which can not only meet the needs of users for dialogue audio services, but also meet their needs for high-end business. More importantly, users can enjoy the tariff discounts brought by business bundling. The bundled services of MTS TV and DSL provided by MTS in Canada have a 12.5% reduction in fees compared to the sum of the two business fees. The Triple play model has greatly promoted the development of IPTV, while also bringing sustained growth in ARPU to operators. For example, about 60% of residential users of SureWest, a small independent telecommunications company in California, have ordered triple play, and the company's average monthly ARPU in 2003 reached around $103, with a user churn rate of only 2%.
Challenges for Operators Deploying IPTV
IPTV has begun to take off globally, and its development has been driven by both technological progress and market demand. Firstly, one of the key technologies of IPTV - the advancement of video compression technology, enables video programs to achieve higher picture quality with lower bitstreams; Secondly, the development of broadband networks by operators has provided a reliable and stable pathway for the transmission of IPTV services; Thirdly, telecom operators have vigorously deployed broadband access, but have not received sufficient profits from it, and the profitability of broadband is still limited to the collection of access fees; Finally, the prosperity of broadband access has not brought prosperity in content services. Most of the business and applications on broadband networks are still in the narrowband era, and the consumption needs of broadband users are far from being met. The above points indicate that the internal technical factors and external demand factors for the development of the IPTV market have basically matured.
However, for operators, deploying IPTV services involves many issues, such as the funding required for upgrading and renovating existing networks, the selection of operational and profit models when launching new businesses, and the competition faced by existing service providers when entering new fields. Overall, the determination of business models, the presence of market competition, and the lack of video content are the main challenges faced by telecom operators when deploying personal video services mainly focused on digital television.
(1) It is unclear whether triple play, which integrates IPTV, high-speed data, and voice services, can reverse the trend of declining revenue for telecom operators. Although some companies have achieved success in using triple play in IPTV operations, the suitability of the triple play business model remains to be verified due to the complex industrial environment in which IPTV operates.
(2) Telecom operators are facing a complex market environment. Compared to cable and satellite television companies, as new entrants, telecom operators have limited market space and limited business price space in the initial stage. In Manitoba, Canada, Shaw Company launched the cable plus TV business as early as 1999, with a bundled service price of CAD 89.95 per month, which is CAD 20 higher than the bundled price of MTS's DSL plus TV launched four years later.
(3) The lack of content is also one of the challenges faced by telecom operators, especially in countries with low market openness, which is particularly prominent. Due to the lack of control over program sources by telecom operators, obtaining content that can attract users is also one of the key issues that operators need to solve when deploying IPTV.
(4) Due to the fact that foreign operators who have entered the television market only conduct business locally and on a small scale, with a small number of users, there are no examples of providing IPTV applications to large-scale users on the telecommunications broadband network. This is also a problem that operators should carefully consider. The bandwidth requirements of IPTV services far exceed those of existing voice and data services, and there are strict requirements for other indicators such as channel switching delay and QoS. How to ensure that users can watch programs of comparable quality to the current cable television network is an important issue that operators need to solve.
Telecom operators face many risks and challenges when entering the IPTV market. How to respond to and mitigate risks is an important guarantee for operators to achieve success in the IPTV field. Drawing on the operational experience of foreign operators, the following countermeasures can be summarized: first, conduct research on the market environment, including national regulatory policies, market size, user needs, user cultural habits, potential profits, etc., and comprehensively analyze these research information. At the same time, analyze competitors to develop a timetable and operational model for deploying IPTV; Secondly, unify the planning of business and network, which includes two aspects: business definition and pricing. The rationality of business planning directly affects the number of users and overall income. Network planning should be combined with business planning and carried out uniformly. Due to the high bandwidth requirements of video services, operators should first consider upgrading the network to support the implementation of multiple business combinations after planning their business; Finally, operators should seek cooperation with content providers and establish a reasonable cooperation model.
The Future Development of IPTV
IPTV business closely connects communication oriented and content oriented businesses, and the combination of these two types of businesses requires deep cooperation between two independent markets - the telecommunications market and the media market. Only with rich content and strong network support can IPTV business achieve rapid development. Since 2004, dozens of telecom operators worldwide have entered the IPTV market, and by the end of 2004, the global number of IPTV users had exceeded 1 million. In the next two to three years, IPTV business will enter a stage of scale development, and the number of users will continue to grow. According to In Stat/MDR company predictions, by 2008, telecom operators' IPTV services will cover over 75 million households worldwide, with actual global users reaching 14 million.
In the early stages of IPTV development, the IPTV business provided by operators mainly focused on live television, on-demand television and other television services. With the growth of the IPTV market, the applications provided by operators will become more diverse. Users can access value-added services such as TV shopping and games, as well as communication services such as voice, instant messaging, and TV SMS through TV.

Microsoft has released the latest internal preview build update for Windows 10 (Insider Preview Build 21337).
The announcement introduced many new features, such as support for reordering and customizing virtual desktops, support for automatic HDR preview on the PC side, and update of File Explorer layout.
In addition to the new features mentioned above, I believe that the following new change is more popular among developers - Windows Terminal will become a built-in application pre installed on Windows 10, becoming a very user-friendly application like 'Notepad'. After all, if you need to use Windows Terminal now, you need to install it from the Microsoft Store or download it from the GitHub release page. In contrast, for users, built-in is undoubtedly more convenient.
After becoming a built-in application, updates to Windows Terminal continue to be made through the Microsoft Store. This change is currently only available in the internal preview version, and we need to wait for it to be officially used.
Windows Terminal is a brand new, popular, and powerful command-line terminal tool. It contains many features that are highly sought after by the community, such as multi tab support, rich text, multilingual support, configurability, themes and styles, support for emoji and GPU based text rendering, and so on. At the same time, the terminal still meets our goals and requirements to ensure that it remains fast, efficient, and does not consume a large amount of memory and power.

The use of the telnet command on the Windows 10 operating system can be roughly divided into two parts:
Part 1: Configure telnet
Part 2: Entering the Black Window
Finally, let's debug and try connecting to the server.
Part 1:
Firstly, configure telnet through the control panel
Open: Control Panel - Programs - Start or Close Windows Functions - Check Telnet Client
Part 2:
Keyboard key operation: window+r - enter cmd enter - enter the original black window - enter telnet enter - enter quit to exit telnet mode
Debugging section:
Thinking organization:
1. The telnet on the window side has been opened
2. The ping command check shows that the network condition is unobstructed
3. And there's something I don't know about

In the words of an industry insider, the spelling of 'telephone' for companies here in the future should be 'television'. This indicates a trend: future telephone companies are transitioning towards television. So, what is the actual development of IPTV?
IPTV has become a fashionable term nowadays, at least in the telecommunications industry, it has become a word that is almost used every day and is increasingly being discussed by people. At the Telecom NEXT conference held in the United States in late March, most of the presentation was about how phone companies deliver video programs. In the words of an industry insider, the spelling of 'telephone' for companies here in the future should be 'television'. This indicates a trend: future telephone companies are transitioning towards television. So, what is the actual development of IPTV?
Firstly, consumers do not know what IPTV is.
A recent survey shows that nearly half of American and European consumers do not know what IPTV is. According to a survey of 6000 users in the United States and Europe (including Spain, the United Kingdom, Italy, France, and Germany) conducted by Accenture, a leading management consulting firm, 46% of users are unclear about what these letters IPTV refer to. In Italy, even 4% of respondents believe that IPTV is a new television competition program.
People in the telecommunications industry are enthusiastic about using technical terminology in their marketing, but the survey results above indicate that this approach is not suitable for IPTV. What telecom companies should do is focus on selling the concept of IPTV: it can enhance the experience of ordinary viewers watching TV, and it is expected to provide more advanced interactive services in the future, which requires a process of market cultivation.
Secondly, there is no mature charging model yet.
Price is a major obstacle to IPTV. In the survey conducted by Accenture, 54% of respondents stated that they are unwilling to pay additional fees for an entertainment service that allows them to search for TV, radio, and music programs at any time.
The IPTV revenue and expenditure model is based on many assumptions, but these assumptions assume a well known and stable market, while at the same time, the core definition of IPTV is in flux.
The behavior and traffic patterns of users will guide the development of the industry. The most important part is to distinguish between online traffic and offline traffic. The biggest concern of network owners is that they only provide a network that others can use for free without receiving any benefits from traffic. So, they must distinguish between online services and offline services. Layered services will protect the interests of both network owners and users.
Once again, telephone companies still face legal obstacles in terms of television services.
In the United States, wired services need to be provided under the policy supervision of county and city governments. For telephone companies, negotiating with the government at the local level is time-consuming. Verizon once mentioned that even if it receives a local license one day, it still takes several years to provide video services to all its users.
The new laws in Texas and Indiana allow telephone companies to obtain licenses from the state government without the need for local authorization, thus greatly simplifying the already lengthy process. Virginia has passed a similar law, but it has not yet taken effect. Currently, IPTV is actually guided by smaller companies, many of which serve rural areas. In addition to obtaining some concessions, their systems are smaller, making it easier for them to adopt new technologies. For large telephone companies, the franchise war is harsh, as they have to deal with thousands of local governments.
Finally, the biggest challenge is that the entire IPTV industry may underestimate what it should do to deliver services, as user experience rather than technology is the most critical factor for IPTV. Although IPTV has some technical advantages, it remains to be proven whether these advantages can win and retain users. Meanwhile, some analysts believe that IPTV does not really need a technological advantage to compete with cable companies. For consumers, convenience is a temptation. Being able to obtain wired telephone services, wireless telephone services, broadband internet services, and television services from a company, also known as "quadruple playback," has great appeal to consumers. The survey shows that users have a clear interest in the types of services that IPTV can provide. For example, in the United States, 37% of respondents choose to be able to watch programs anytime when it comes to how to better watch TV. Moreover, 30% of respondents in Europe stated that they need more movie channels, which IPTV can provide technically.
However, from the above content, it can also be seen that many IPTV implementations are involved in old paradigms such as telephone services, television, video on demand, and so on. After all, IPTV is only an improvement, not a true innovation. When the market changes and remains stuck in the old paradigm, perhaps one day, operators will have to significantly lower prices to retain users. Therefore, in order to win in long-term competition, telephone companies should make certain changes in direction and develop more other service content. Moreover, it should be a revolutionary business with true innovation and an order of magnitude of improvement. And this is something that IPTV operators have not truly solved.

Docker for Windows is a Docker Community Edition (CE) application. The Docker for Windows installation package includes everything necessary to run Docker on a Windows system. This topic introduces pre installation considerations and how to download and install Docker for Windows.
What to know before installation
If your system does not meet the requirements for running Docker for Windows, you can install the Docker Toolbox, which uses Oracle Virtual Box instead of Hyper-V.
Docker Toolbox and Docker Machine users must read: Docker for Windows requires running Microsoft Hyper-V. If necessary, the Docker for Windows installation program will enable Hyper-V for you and restart your computer. After enabling Hyper-V, VirtualBox will no longer function, but any VirtualBox VM images will be preserved. The VirtualBox VM created using docker machine (including the default virtual machine typically created during toolbox installation) will no longer start. These virtual machines cannot be used in parallel with Docker for Windows. However, you can still use docker machine to manage remote VMs.
Virtualization must be enabled. Typically, virtualization is enabled by default. (Please note that this is different from enabling Hyper-V.).
The current version of Docker for Windows runs on 64 bit Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise and Education (1607 Anniversary Edition, Build 14393 or higher). In the future, we will support more versions of Windows 10.
Containers and images created using Docker for Windows are shared among all user accounts on the installed machine. This is because all Windows accounts will use the same virtual machine to build and run the container. In the future, Docker for Windows will better isolate user content.
Nested virtualization scenarios, such as running Docker for Windows on VMWare or Parallels instances, may work, but cannot be guaranteed (i.e. not officially supported).
Docker for Windows installation includes: providing Docker Engine, Docker CLI client, Docker Composite, Docker Machine, and Kitematic.
Installing Docker for Windows
1. Double click Docker for Windows Installer.exe to run the installation program.
If you have not yet downloaded the installation program (Docker for Windows Installer. exe), you can obtain it from download.docker.com..
2. Follow the installation wizard to accept the license, authorize the installation program, and then continue with the installation.
You will be required to use the system password to authorize Docker.app during the installation process. Requires privileged access to install network components, link to Docker applications, and manage Hyper-V virtual machines.
3. Click Finish on the installation completion dialog box to launch Docker.
Starting Docker for Windows
Docker cannot start automatically. To click Start, search for Docker, select the application in the search results, and then click it (or press Return).
When the whale in the status bar remains stable, Docker can run normally and be accessed from any terminal window.
If the whale is hidden in the Notification area, click the up arrow on the taskbar to display.
If you have just installed the application, you can also receive a pop-up success message, provide subsequent steps, and provide a link to this document.
After initialization, select 'About Docker' from the notification area icon to verify if you have the latest version.
congratulations! You are running Docker for Windows.

Office 2019 is a new office suite launched by Microsoft. The latest version brings many features and different office experiences. The Professional Plus Edition of Office 2019 has the most functional components, including Word, Excel, Access, Powerpoint, Outlook, Publisher, Skype for Business, and OneDrive for Business. It extensively integrates the functions needed in daily life, as well as its innovative online icon insertion, ink writing, new functions Eight major functions, including horizontal page flipping, Chinese Hanyi font library, immersive learning, multi monitor display optimization, and label switching animation effects, help work more efficiently and conveniently.
Software Information
[Product Name]: Office 2019
File size: 3.61 GB
[Software Language]: Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) English Other
[Running environment]: Win10 or higher version
[Authorization Information]: Permanent activation/Support for updates/Support for reinstallation
Installation steps
Firstly, your computer must be a Win10 system, and it is best not to have other versions of Office in your computer. If there are other versions of Office, please uninstall the previous version of Office in the control panel first.
After downloading Office 2019, as shown in the figure above, it is an iso CD image file. Click the right mouse button ->Open with ->Windows Explorer.
Then double-click on the red Setup.exe to run the file and install it directly! The following is a waiting process for installation
After installation, it will not automatically create shortcuts. We can find all the installed Office 2019 program components on the Start menu.
Activate software
1. Open any component of Office 2019 (Access, Excel, PowerPoint, or Word), click on File ->Account ->Change License in the upper left corner, and a box for entering the product key will pop up. After entering the Office 2019 activation key, click "Activate Office".
2. Subsequently, close Word and reopen it. The wizard window will be prompted to activate, select "I want to activate the software through phone call", click Next, as shown in the following figure, and then proceed to the next step.
3. Send me the installation ID below in step 2, and we will help you submit your installation ID to the product center. Please be patient and wait!!! 4. After the verification is successful, I will inform you that you click on "Back" and select "I would like to activate the software through the Internet"
5. Then click on 'Next' and wait for a moment. The activation wizard will display that the replica has been activated.

Definition of IPTV
What is IPTV? This is a fundamental issue.
Before the introduction of the definition of IPTV by the International Telecommunication Union, different standardization organizations and related enterprises had various interpretations of IPTV, and in China, IPTV was also translated into various forms - interactive television, online television, interactive television
At the same time, different industries, operators, and equipment manufacturers have different opinions on what IPTV can do. Although the prospects of IPTV have been described as a huge cake, how to slice the cake has become the focus of industry attention, and all parties are doing their best to seize the opportunity in this huge market.
In fact, due to unclear policies leading to unclear industrial models, behind the popularity of China's IPTV industry, more people are cautiously watching; The limitations of bandwidth and content, as well as the barriers to unified terminal standards, have led to the inability to promote IPTV on a large scale, many experiences cannot be summarized, manufacturers are at a loss, and marketing has also fallen into the awkward situation of thunder, rain, and little. Therefore, the introduction of IPTV international standards will to some extent change the awkward situation of unclear identity, uncertain standards, and feudal separatism.
In the IPTV standards published by the International Telecommunication Union, the definition of IPTV is as follows:
IPTV is a multimedia service, such as television, video, audio, text, images, data, etc., and has certain QoS/QoE, security IPTV is defined as multimedia services such as television/video/audio/text/graphics/data delivered over IP based networks managed to support the required level of QoS/QoE, security, interactivity, and reliability.
From the definition of IPTV by the International Telecommunication Union, we can see that it mainly includes the following meanings:
IPTV is a multimedia service, and services such as television, video, audio, text, image, and data are all manifestations of IPTV;
IPTV is carried on a manageable IP network and has corresponding level requirements for security, reliability, interactivity, and service quality.
IPTV is not so much a business as a service. Although it may seem like a different translation of a word, it means looking at IPTV from different perspectives, and "business" is more from within the operator, which is the business project used by the operator to earn profits; However, "service" is defined from the perspective of customers, that is, IPTV can meet the needs of different categories of customers. Therefore, the author prefers to interpret IPTV as a service to customers rather than an internal business of the operator.
Through this definition, we can find that concepts such as online television and interactive television are only a description of IPTV's image and cannot fully cover the meaning of IPTV. However, this definition still has certain positive significance for promoting IPTV and promoting its development in China.
IPTV service requirements
In the IPTV standard, the service requirements of IPTV are subdivided and listed according to service direction, function, etc. Some are required, some are recommended, and some are optional. This is actually a law that has been explored based on summarizing the development experience of IPTV around the world.
In the early stages of IPTV development, people wanted to incorporate all the functions that the Internet could provide, not only to achieve video on demand, video live streaming, online browsing, but also to achieve applications such as videophone or conference television, pursuing "large and comprehensive". However, this is not realistic, as the result often makes the devices and systems too complex and the network overwhelmed. Therefore, it is not only necessary but also necessary to classify IPTV services appropriately.
In short, IPTV is a new industry formed by the intersection of multiple traditional industries, including operators, equipment manufacturers, content providers, terminal manufacturers, and other links. The coordination and integration of the industry chain is the determining factor for its market success; The value chain of IPTV is more complex, involving multiple types of enterprises such as set-top boxes, CDNs, DRMs, middleware, audio and video codecs, etc. The complexity of the IPTV system and architecture can be seen from its standard documentation.
1、 Service requirements required
Support content of different resolutions, including high-definition (HD) and standard definition (SD) standard TV programs;
Support different display ratios, such as 4:3, 16:9, etc;
At least one method is supported to avoid sending content that cannot be displayed to IPTV terminals (such as set-top boxes);
Capable of measuring service quality for key parts and points;
Can define key services and their interfaces with other domains;
Allow two-way communication between end users and service providers;
Support addressable specific devices, such as IPTV terminals in user networks;
Allow the use of internet protocols and standards. recommend
Support content segmentation;
There is a mechanism for obtaining relevant terminal device functions;
There are corresponding functional blocks that can provide open interfaces for third-party applications to use IPTV network functions and resources;
Ensure the integrity of content and segmented data;
Support online personal video recording;
Support the display of multiple video streams;
Allow IPTV services to be sent over different networks (such as cable television networks, fiber optic networks, xDSL, wireless networks, etc.);
Allow IPTV services to run on different IPTV terminal devices (such as mobile phones, PDAs, set-top boxes, etc.);
When sent through a mobile network, the IPTV architecture should be able to dynamically adapt to changes in wireless network parameters (such as bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.);
Support tracking and investigation of ratings and other data;
(Note: This tracking survey may allow content providers and service providers to publish audience rating services, track data of popular programs, or push specific advertisements for users with certain surfing preferences)
You can upgrade software versions and download system configuration data by connecting to the download server;
Support the use of XML encoding for application signaling;
Only specific users can be allowed to view certain content, and this authorization can be triggered by service providers or users;
The manifestation can vary depending on the usage environment;
Terminal devices should be able to explain the actual usage environment, such as service type, terminal type, transmission medium type, user interface, available service level
Optional
Support the storage and distribution of individual fragments or entire media content;
Alternative methods supporting content caching and distribution;
Can be interspersed with advertisements;
Support time shift TV function (playback of played content);
Support a description of the usage environment. Terminal device options
Support the change of display time;
Require support for at least one audio and video decoding format;
Ensure correct time synchronization control, such as being able to maintain consistency between the sound and video mouth shape no matter when the audience pauses, replays, or randomly accesses at any time;
Support the recording of data files or playback of audio and video content on the network or IPTV terminal devices;
Within the authority of the digital broadcasting network, seamless switching of encoding and decoding technology is supported, such as the ability to schedule daily switching between high-definition and standard definition content.
（1） Settlement and billing required
Support various payment methods for IPTV service fees (such as prepayment, use before payment, notification payment, third-party payment, etc.);
All IPTV services can use NGN's billing architecture for settlement and accounting functions;
IPTV needs to have a data and historical information collection mechanism for financial settlement and reporting purposes, partner settlement, and end-user reconciliation, such as subscription, purchase, and transaction records of services;
Support other billing and settlement methods related to IPTV services.
recommend
Allow service providers to integrate the settlement and billing functions of IPTV services into multiple NGN services and applications;
Settlement information can be transmitted between service providers.
1. Subscription
Support the registration function of users.
2. Pay per visit
To purchase appropriate VOD content to fulfill the licensing agreement.
3. Income system required
There is a mechanism to support PPV (Pay Per View) services;
To support On Demand services;
Consider the need to insert other content into VOD content;
Support interactive services such as educational and entertainment applications (such as games), communication services (such as email, chat, and SMS), and information services (such as stock and weather forecasting services);
Support the distribution of interactive and downloadable games;
Support the search, download, storage, and display of digital photos;
As long as there is a regulatory need, corresponding content can be sent to specific regions;
Allow service signaling to be routed based on the capacity of end users' devices or application servers;
Consider the manageability of service transmission quality across multiple domains;
Support Network Address Translation.
recommend
Support the integration of IPTV services with existing services (such as instant messaging, telephone);
Allow seamless provision and operation of IPTV services within different management domains;
If it supports the retransmission of radio programs, it is recommended to support geographical differentiation of content;
Support remote configuration and management of network and service elements;
Can receive content from different sources, such as satellites, IP private networks, etc;
There is an information exchange mechanism that can obtain profile information of users who meet certain conditions (such as ID information in digital rights management);
Support the establishment of conversation pathways that maintain relationships between users and their applications.
Optional
Content can be locked or restricted based on user profiles and usage preferences;
Can convert video content from its original storage format to a compatible format that IPTV terminal devices can display;
Allow users to become content providers in order to share their content;
Service providers can block and prevent a large amount of unsolicited content from being sent to end users;
The source of the content can be traced (if the content has caused complaints or complaints from end users).
（2） Subdivision by Role
1. Content provider
Support content providers to manage content, such as uploading, deleting, or modifying related attributes of content;
Allow content providers to collect usage information on content.
2. Service provider required
Allow service providers to operate, manage, maintain, and provide (OAMP). IPTV equipment;
Service providers can easily manage IPTV service failures, configurations, settlements, performance, and security (FCAPS);
Monitor network equipment (such as routers) and service equipment (such as IPTV terminals), and alarm in case of failure;
The service content can be integrated and displayed through IPTV devices, and can be sent through non IP or IP methods;
Allow IPTV services to be distributed through agreed third-party providers;
Electronic navigation function supporting IPTV content
Service providers can verify user information, authorize users, and charge subscribers;
Support service providers to verify the permissions of end users to purchase products, order VODs, or watch restricted programs, such as using PIN codes or login methods;
Service providers need to be able to distinguish between end users and subscribers.
recommend
If the retransmission of broadcasting services is supported, it is recommended to provide the same QoE (user experience) as the direct receiving user;
Service providers can operate various types of services;
The service provider has subscription management functions, such as opening, canceling, activating, or freezing accounts, checking user account balances, searching for detailed consumption records, correcting user information (such as account name, login name, payment method, etc.), and dividing whether it is a group user;
Service providers should ensure normal service while also preventing misuse of services;
P2P mechanism can be recommended in IPTV, but it does not exclude the use of CS (client server) mechanism.
Remote management requirements
Service providers should be able to remotely upgrade end users' devices;
Support service providers to obtain QoS (Quality of Service) information from terminal devices;
The service provider should have access to the functions of the user's IPTV terminal device (such as codecs, access restrictions, etc.);
Recommend service providers to remotely upgrade terminal devices, such as upgrading software, drivers, and updating virus libraries.
Content push requirements
Support service providers to push content to end users' IPTV terminal devices (content can be requested by users or not);
Service providers can insert additional content into users' PVR content playback.
3. Network provider
If wireless broadcast retransmission is supported, it is necessary to ensure that network providers protect the privacy of end users like broadcast networks.
4. End users
essential
Can filter out unwanted content;
Allow end users to switch between free (FTA) and pay per view (PPV) environments;
Users can choose their own settings (including audio, dialogue, subtitles, additional videos, and explanatory audio) from multiple language versions of the content;
Users can turn on or off audio, dialogue, subtitles, and additional audio and video at any time without changing the preset options;
Users can store and retrieve configuration files for their preferred settings and language settings, so that different users can switch between different configuration files.
recommend
Support subscribers to query a detailed list of usage records.
Optional
Content providers can set language options for their own content.
（3） Association with other service networks is required
IPTV terminal equipment should continuously monitor EAN (Emergency Alarm Notification) information;
To manage all IPTV subscribers, it is not ruled out to use HSS (primary user server), SLR (service level requirement), or NGN related functional components.
recommend
Support interoperability and user mobility between different IPTV networks, allowing users to access IPTV services regardless of whether they are mobile or not;
Allow network operators to comprehensively utilize their existing network capabilities;
Support service providers or network operators to integrate IPTV's subscriber management function into a subscriber management system, which can be applied to multiple NGN services, including IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) based services;
It is recommended to integrate IPTV services in an IMS based environment, which relies on the specific functions of IMS based NGN, including (but not limited to) HSS, SLR, and GUP.
Support real-time encoding and precoding of stored programs;
Support the exchange of IPTV service information between different IPTV service providers, such as sources, channels, service start and end times, and QoS information. (To be continued)

According to predictions from globally renowned data analysis and consulting firm GlobalData, the total revenue of Singapore's pay TV market will decline at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.4% from 2020 to 2025 due to a decrease in IPTV subscription volume.
The latest "Singapore Telecom Operator National Intelligence Report" released by GlobalData shows that due to increasing consumer demand for OTT video platforms, the number of IPTV subscribers in the country will decline at a compound annual growth rate of 2% in the forecast period from 2020 to 2025. The penetration rate of pay TV households will also decrease from 39.3% in 2020 to 33.8% by the end of 2025.
Deepa Dhingra, an analyst in the telecommunications industry at GlobalData, said: "After users of Starthub (Singapore Telecom) have fully transitioned from cable TV to IPTV services, Starthub will become an IPTV dedicated platform in Singapore to provide pay TV services by 2025. During this period, SingTel (Singapore Telecom) The company will lead the local pay TV market by offering independent pay TV packages through promotional discounts, and has developed multiple bundled sales plans aimed at attracting new subscribers. SingTel has been offering discounts of up to 50% for various IPTV packages and offering free subscription services for up to three months, including multicast services bundled with fiber optic internet and pay TV services.

Visio 2019 Professional is a powerful design Gantt chart chart, design logic diagram and design thinking diagram software. Users can design flow charts, Gantt chart charts, logic charts, and design thinking charts on Visio 2019, with a wealth of built-in design tools. Combining most office functions, this software is more suitable for office use, allowing employees to continue working on their familiar interfaces. There are many built-in functions and integrated office tools. With the help of the familiar Office experience, Visio allows you to easily and intuitively create flow charts, network diagrams, organizational chart, engineering designs, and other content using modern shapes and templates. Recreate process maps, map IT networks, build organizational chart, or document business processes,
Software Download
The download address for Visio 2019 Professional Edition provided on Microsoft's official website. You can directly open and save using a browser, or download using the Thunderbolt tool.
Simplified Chinese version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/zh-cn/VisioPro2019Retail.img
Download address in Traditional Chinese:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/zh-tw/VisioPro2019Retail.img
English version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/en-us/VisioPro2019Retail.img
Japanese version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/ja-jp/VisioPro2019Retail.img
Korean version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/ko-kr/VisioPro2019Retail.img
French version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/fr-fr/VisioPro2019Retail.img
Finnish:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/fi-fi/VisioPro2019Retail.img
German version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/de-de/VisioPro2019Retail.img
Software installation
After downloading the Visio 2019 Professional Edition, double-click to open it (if it cannot be opened, you can also extract it).
Select the 'Setup' executable file, right-click and select 'Run as administrator'
After installation, it will not automatically create shortcuts. You can find 'Visio' from the start menu in the bottom left corner of the computer screen to open it.
Software activation
1. After opening [Visio], a box for entering the product key will automatically pop up (if the key box does not pop up, click on File ->Account ->Change License in the upper left corner). After entering the Visio 2019 activation key, click on "Activate Office".
2. Then close Visio and reopen it, and you will be prompted to activate the wizard window. Select "I want to activate the software through phone call", then click Next, as shown in the following figure, and then proceed to the next step.
3. Send me the installation ID below in step 2, and we will help you submit your installation ID to the product center. Please be patient and wait!
4. After giving you feedback and confirming the ID, enter the confirmation ID in the box below step 3, consisting of 6 numbers. Once filled in, click the Next button.
5. Then click on 'Next' and wait for a moment. The activation wizard will display that the replica has been activated.

Project Professional 2019 is an excellent project management software. Use Project Professional 2019 to quickly establish Gantt chart and daily table, easily plan project progress, reasonably allocate relevant resources and improve work efficiency. The Project Professional Edition has all the features of the Standard Edition and includes collaboration tools and resource management, SharePoint task synchronization, submission of timesheets, and other functions.
Software Download
The download address for Project Professional 2019 provided on Microsoft's official website. You can directly open and save using a browser, or download using the Thunderbolt tool.
Simplified Chinese version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/zh-cn/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
Download address in Traditional Chinese:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/zh-tw/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
English version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/en-us/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
Japanese version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/ja-jp/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
Korean version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/ko-kr/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
French version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/fr-fr/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
Finnish:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/fi-fi/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
German version:
http://officecdn.microsoft.com/pr/492350f6-3a01-4f97-b9c0-c7c6ddf67d60/media/de-de/ProjectPro2019Retail.img
Installation instructions
After downloading Project Professional 2019, double-click to open it (if it cannot be opened, you can also extract it)
Select the 'Setup' executable file, right-click and select 'Run as administrator'
After installation, it will not automatically create shortcuts. You can find 'Project' from the start menu in the bottom left corner of the computer screen to open it.
Activate software
1. After opening [Project], a box for entering the product key will automatically pop up (if the key box does not pop up, click on File ->Account ->Change License in the upper left corner). After entering the Project 2019 product key, click on "Activate Office".
2. Then close Project and reopen it, and you will be prompted to activate the wizard window. Select 'I want to activate the software through phone call', and then click 'Next'
3. Send me the installation ID below in step 2, and we will help you submit your installation ID to the product center. Please be patient and wait!
4. After giving you feedback and confirming the ID, enter the confirmation ID in the box below step 3, consisting of 6 numbers. Once filled in, click the Next button.
5. Then click on 'Next' and wait for a moment. The activation wizard will display that the replica has been activated.

Office 2019 and 2021 have significant differences. Office 2021 has added features such as automatic theme switching, saving shapes as images, one click writing suggestions, creating exquisite Visio icons in Excel, using built-in translation tools to break language barriers, grammar checking, and applying the same signature to all devices.
1. Genuine Office Home and Business Edition 2021 Office Software
Office Business Edition 2021 is suitable for homes and small businesses that require classic Office applications and email. It includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook for Windows 11 and Windows 10. The one-time purchase of this product can be installed on a Windows PC or Mac for home or office use.
Office 2021 is sold as a one-time purchase, which means that you can obtain Office applications on one computer by paying a one-time payment in advance. A one-time purchase product is suitable for both PC and Mac. However, there is no upgrade option for one-time purchases, which means that if you plan to upgrade to the next major version, you will need to purchase it at full price.
Extended Information
Do I need to connect to the Internet to run Office?
Installing and activating Office requires an internet connection, but once it is fully installed on the computer, there is no need to connect to the internet when using Office applications such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint.
Office 2021 is a one-time purchase product that comes with classic applications such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint for PC or Mac, and does not include any services included with Microsoft 365 subscriptions. The one-time purchase of the product does not include an upgrade option, so if you plan to upgrade to the next major release version, you must purchase it at full price.
Cool animations are easy to create, and static graphics and text come to life instantly
Smooth switching function can create a smooth transition effect for the same objects on the front and back slides. It does not require tedious path animations, but simply adjusts the position, size, and angle of the object to achieve a natural transition and seamless switching animation effect with just one click,
Office Home and Small Business Edition 2021 Office Software
One time purchase, suitable for 1 Windows PC or Mac, Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook Classic 2021 version; Compatible with Windows 11, Windows 10, or macOS*
2. Genuine Office Home and Small and Medium sized Enterprise Edition 2019 Office Software
Office 2019 small and medium-sized enterprise template and familiar scheduling tools can improve the work efficiency of project managers and teams
For everyone working from home, individual users, and students, the most valuable component is that the Office 2019 Small and Medium Business Edition combines all of these. It is just a device license that includes Word, Excel, and PowerPoint programs. OneNote is also part of this software package and can be downloaded from the Windows Store in Windows 10. Users can directly store data offline on their computers, or use OneDrive or similar providers to store data online in the cloud. Do more at home or school ": This is Microsoft's motto, and this version of Office 2019 can also be followed.
Cool animations are easy to create, and static graphics and text come to life instantly
Smooth switching function can create a smooth transition effect for the same objects on the front and back slides. It does not require tedious path animations, but simply adjusts the position, size, and angle of the object to achieve a natural transition and seamless switching animation effect with just one click, like transitioning in the same slide.

According to the pay TV forecast update report from the analysis company Digital TV Research, the number of IPTV users will surpass that of cable TV by 2026. Between 2021 and 2026, IPTV will increase by 63 million users, bringing the total number to 398 million.
The main reason for this situation is that the huge shift from cable television to IPTV in China will continue, "explained Simon Murray, chief analyst of digital television research.
By 2026, China will have 226 million IPTV users, while the rest of the world only has 172 million left. Between 2021 and 2026, China will add 19 million IPTV users. However, by the end of 2026 during the same period, China will lose 39 million cable TV users, bringing the total number to 89 million.
Digital TV Research predicts that between 2021 and 2026, pay TV users will increase by 13 million, bringing the global total to 1.01 billion. China will continue to provide nearly one-third of the world's pay TV users, expected to reach 315 million by the end of 2026. India will account for 178 million. By 2026, China and India will jointly account for half of the global pay TV users.

When we talk about online streaming and OTT, we come across many terms, among which IPTV is one of them. We are undergoing a transition from traditional broadcasting modes such as cable or satellite television to streaming based on the Internet, and IPTV as a system will play an important role in this transitional stage.
Basically, customers are not as concerned about owning content as they are about accessing it. This is where IPTV appeared. Let's carefully study the exact meaning of IPTV, its working mode and architecture, the types of IPTV services, and the future of IPTV. So, what is IPTV?
IPTV refers to protocol television based on the Internet, where the Internet is used to provide live or on-demand television programs and videos. IPTV is a system in which digital television services are transmitted to subscribers through broadband or Internet connected media through Internet protocol technology. It is slightly different from the digital videos accessed by millions of users on websites or applications such as YouTube or Netflix, but it has ubiquitous universality. Unlike standard cable or satellite connections, in IPTV, multiple televisions can use a single subscription in a single home.
IPTV brings more advantages and convenience to viewers, allowing them to choose the programs they want to watch anytime, anywhere, without having to watch any live TV programs currently playing. To understand how IPTV differs from traditional television, let's compare traditional television viewing methods with IPTV - both cable and satellite can work by allowing users to "tune" to specific channels within the signal, while the fundamental difference is that the cable is connected through cable while the satellite is wireless (until it reaches your house). The main example of cable TV is Time Warner cable, which is transmitted through coaxial cable connections, while the example of satellite TV comes from providers like DirecTV, which is transmitted and transmitted to the audience through radio waves.
IPTV uses an Internet Protocol (IP) based network to transmit TV channels to users' set-top boxes. Unlike cable and Satellite Network, the Internet provides content by providing the same client server model that presents e-mail, websites, and other Internet based services. As we will further mention in this blog, IP or Internet protocol is a language used to transmit data packets between computers connected to the Internet network.
Consumers request and receive TV programs, and video content is transmitted to viewers through an Internet Protocol (IP) based network (rather than cable or satellite). IPTV does not transmit content in real-time like cables or satellites, but forgets the model through transmission. IPTV can store programs on servers at the transmission end, allowing users to request content anytime through the Internet.
Compared to traditional channel surfing, IPTV is very similar to browsing the internet. It only uses IP (Internet Protocol), which is a transmission mechanism used to transmit videos to viewers. When viewers click on any TV program or request a video, videos from different sources (servers) will be divided into packets and sent over the Internet. The video server transmits the program to an existing home through an internet connection through a fiber optic cable, sends a request, and puts the program back in.
In the past few years, IPTV has been continuously growing. The total number of global IPTV users has now exceeded the 130 million mark. As of the end of 2015, there was a net increase of 6 million subscribers in the past 24 months. On this basis, many young people will tailor their home IPTV usage to OTT services.

Microsoft Office 2019 Home and Student Edition
For many people, student life is a difficult time, so Microsoft wants to make you feel more relaxed. With Microsoft Office 2019 Home Student PC, you will have access to all classic applications that will help you succeed in school and achieve your goals.
With just one download, you can access classic applications including Excel, PowerPoint, and Word. These Microsoft Office 2019 home student PC applications are easy to use and add convenience to your studies.
This version provides you with all the tools needed to create documents and present presentations for your project and assignments. The all-new Office 2019 is suitable for students or families who work together and want to install typical Office applications on a Windows 10 PC so they can use them at home or school; This is their plan.
Microsoft Office 2019 Home and Student Edition is Word's non-interference mode. It provides better pivot tables for Excel and better graphics and support for PowerPoint's digital pencils. These are just a small part of the numerous adjustments and improvements made to the ancient Office. Although these are not significant upgrades to the suite, they may be a significant productivity boost for suitable users. You don't need to subscribe regularly to have unlimited access to your Microsoft Office 2019 Home and Student editions.
Microsoft Office 2019 Home and Student Edition for Windows
Office needs to be updated before activation
Step 1
In the bottom right corner, you will see a 'Office updates available' notification. Please click on the notification. (If you haven't seen the notification, it's not important because you can manually update it in the Office application when you go to the next step.)
Step 2
Click on 'Account'. You will see that your Office is currently not activated.
Step 3
Click on 'Update Options' and then select' Update Now 'from the drop-down menu. (This step may take a few minutes, depending on your network speed.)
Step 4
Subsequently, you will see a pop-up window, please click 'Continue' to close all Office applications that are still running.
Step 5
All Office applications will automatically close.
Step 6
After the application is closed, updates will be automatically installed. After the installation process is completed, restart the Office application and you will see that your Office account has been activated.

Office is Microsoft's flagship product, and the latest version brings many features and different office experiences. The Professional Enhanced Edition of Office has the most functional components, including Word, Excel, Access, Powerpoint, Outlook, Publisher, Skype for Business, and OneDrive for Business. It extensively integrates the functions needed in daily life, as well as its innovative online icon insertion, ink writing, new functions, and horizontal page flipping The eight major functions of font library, immersive learning, multi monitor display optimization, and label switching animation effects help work more efficiently and conveniently.
Installation Tutorial
Firstly, your computer must meet the minimum requirements of Microsoft Office for computers, and it is best not to have other versions of Office on your computer. If there are other versions of Office, please uninstall the previous version of Office in the control panel first.
After the Microsoft Office download is completed, as shown in the figure above, it is a CD image file. Click the right mouse button → Open Method → Windows Explorer.
2. Then double-click on the red Setup.exe running file to directly install it! The following is a waiting process for installation.
3. After installation, it will not automatically create shortcuts. We can find all the installed Office 2019 program components from the Start menu.
Activation steps
1. Open any component of Office 2019 (Access, Excel, PowerPoint, or Word), click on File ->Account ->Change License in the top left corner, and a box for entering the product key will pop up. After entering the Office activation key, click on "Activate Office".
2. Then, close Word and reopen it. The wizard window will be prompted to activate, select "I want to activate the software through phone call", click Next, as shown in the following figure, and then proceed to the next step.
3. Step 2 of the activation wizard page: Send the installation ID below to the office Chinese website customer service, and we will help you submit your installation ID to the product center. Please be patient and wait!
4. After the verification is successful, I will inform you that you click on "Back" and select "I would like to activate the software through the Internet",
5. Then click "Next" and wait for a moment. The activation wizard will display that the replica has been activated.
Office 2019 Professional Plus provides a complete toolset for individual and team productivity, connecting users to critical business processes. The all-new Office 2019 provides cross application functionality to help users create amazing content in a shorter amount of time. Some new features include a movie presentation with new features such as deformation and scaling in PowerPoint 2019. More powerful data analysis in Excel 2019 (such as new formulas, new charts, and Power BI integration). The new and improved ink writing features in applications in Windows, such as roaming pencil boxes, pressure sensing, and tilting effects, allow you to naturally create documents.
Create, showcase, communicate, and publish professional looking documents using Office Professional Plus 2019. Take a brand new spin on your favorite productivity tool, and you will start running with familiar but enhanced features in Word, Excel, Access, Lync programs, PowerPoint, OneNote, Outlook, Publisher, Access, Skype for Business.
Word 2019 and Outlook 2019 can help you focus on the most important things. Learning tools such as reading aloud and text spacing make it easier for you to participate in your content. Focus mode can prevent interference and prioritize your content. Focused Inbox moves less important emails away, allowing you to handle business directly.
Office 2019 Professional Plus also includes advanced features such as archiving emails directly from Outlook and Exchange data loss protection. Use Inquire to scan spreadsheets for errors and inconsistencies in Excel and Power Pivot. Integrate with Windows Rights Management Service (RMS) of Windows Server. Website email: Access project related emails in Exchange and documents in SharePoint, all from Outlook and others.
Office 2019 specifically uses point-and-play technology, so customers can benefit from modern deployment technologies, thereby reducing costs and improving security. Advantages include predictable monthly security updates, the latest applications during installation, and reduced network consumption through Windows 10 download optimization technology.

Definitely not. What is the significance of Microsoft Office's charging mechanism when I ask you to say this? Where is the source of Microsoft's high market value?
Furthermore, more and more computers are pre installed with Microsoft Office Home Student Edition at the factory. The activation process and interface of the latest shipped computers have undergone some changes compared to before. If you are the latest to purchase a computer, you can refer to this interface and process in this article.
be careful:
1. Newly purchased users must first connect to the internet to automatically activate Windows 10. It is recommended to activate the pre installed Office 2016 two hours later; If Office cannot be activated, it is recommended to restore the factory state with one click after backing up data. After confirming that Windows 10 has been activated, wait for two hours before reactivating Office for testing
2. The pre installed Office 2016 Family Student Edition must be activated within 6 months of system activation, otherwise it cannot be activated after the expiration date
3. The Home Student Edition will have the following versions of components (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote). Other components require contacting Microsoft to purchase other licenses.
Solution:
1. Firstly, confirm whether the system has been activated as genuine, as shown in the following figure:
2. If activated, please use online for 1 hour before opening Office for activation. When activating Office, run a Word, Excel, or PowerPoint document at will, or click on the Start menu and the Office program icon
3. After that, the office activation interface will pop up
4. Click Activate, then enter your Microsoft account and password to log in. If you do not have a Microsoft account, please click 'Create One' and remember this account
5. After logging into a Microsoft account, the settings for country, region, and language will pop up
6. After setting up, click Next and everything will be ready
7. After clicking to start using Word, check the activation status of Office, click on the file in the upper left corner, and select Account
8. The product information on the right shows that Office still needs to be activated, and the version is written as Office365, not Office2016 (please do not misunderstand and nervous here, normal, we need to click on "Activate Product" again)
9. After clicking on 'Activate Product', you will be prompted to log in to your Office account again. Please confirm if it is the same as the Microsoft account you previously logged in to, then click on 'Continue' and verify your account password
10. After successful login, the system will prompt that Office needs to be updated. You can directly click on the prompt box to update Office, or click on the Office Update option in the product interface
11. Afterwards, the office will start updating and prompt 'Save your work before continuing'. Click 'Continue'
12. After waiting for 4 to 5 minutes, reopening any Word, Excel, or PowerPoint will pop up the Office Activation Wizard and select Internet Activation
13. After clicking close, check the Office product activation information in the "Re file Account" section, indicating that Office has been successfully activated.
Note: The activation information displayed at this time is no longer the previous Office 365, but rather the Office Home and Student Edition 2016.

Plex is a very user-friendly home media management system that can make your cold movie and television folders very beautiful, and can be seamlessly used on multiple platforms. It is the preferred software for home NAS media management. But plex has a very powerful feature that is not well-known to everyone, which is its Live TV&DVR function. With this feature, you can turn your plex server into a multi-functional iptv server and record the programs you want to watch on any device at any time. With it, you can basically bid farewell to your set-top box. You may want to watch a variety show on Mango TV, but it happens to be busy at that time. You can record the program in the background by using plex's schedule in advance, and then watch the video when you have time. Of course, this feature is currently only available to plex pass members. If you are not a member, you can use IPTV to watch live TV, but there is no scheduled recording function.
1、 Download xteve
Plex's Live TV&DVR function originally meant to be able to tune digital TV signals, requiring hardware support. However, for ease of use, someone has developed an xteve to simulate digital TV tuners. As long as you have a streaming source for TV live streaming, you can use Plex to watch live broadcasts.
Select the version to download according to the system.
The downloaded compressed file only has one xteve service program file. Once opened, you can enable xteve settings.
2、 Prepare a live streaming source for m3u
There are many live streaming sources that can be found online, and the most stable method is to use the live streaming sources of your own broadband operator's set-top box. These sources are not encrypted, and as long as you grab the link to the live streaming source, you can use them stably for a long time. First, search online to see if other netizens have captured the corresponding live streaming sources of the operator in their province. If so, you can use them directly. If you can't find it, you can also try to find a crawling method online.
Simply put, my gripping method. I am using a mobile set-top box that allows me to watch live broadcasts as long as I am connected to a wireless network. Therefore, the idea I use to capture is to connect the set-top box to a hotspot that is opened by a laptop. This way, all connections to the set-top box will be made through the laptop's wireless network card. Then, I use the packet capturing tool Wireshark to capture network packets from the wireless network card, and use the remote control to replace all stations in the set-top box. Finally, I analyze the links to the HTTP protocol in the network packet, You can find the live streaming addresses of various TV stations. Just save these addresses in the format of the m3u source file in the m3u file.
Mobile live streaming address
This is some of the live stream links I captured. After capturing the stream, first open it on the computer using a vlc player to test if it is usable. If it is, it can also be used on plex.
After having the source, it is necessary to configure the station logo and program table information for the TV source http://epg.51zmt.top:8000/ This great god's website can obtain program schedule information and automatically generate m3u files with platform logos after uploading their own m3u files. You can also modify the logo file yourself, and the link after the logo in the m3u file is the logo image address.
3、 Configuration of xteve
Open the xteve. exe service and enter http://your IP: 34400/web/in the browser to enter the configuration side of xteve.
Set xteve configuration
There are two options for the source of EPG, which is actually the information source of the program schedule. If you choose PMS, plex will directly retrieve program information from your network source, http://epg.51zmt.top:8000/e.xml This address is a domestic program schedule path. If you choose the PMS option, plex will not be able to capture the logo image, and there will be a situation where plex's app cannot find which station is which. But this method is simple to configure, just set the m3u address in xteve and fill in the program source path in plex. Why is there no logo? The general logo is saved in an M3U file, but when reading the logo, plex does not directly read it in the M3U file, but in the XML file of the program source. The program source above only has program information and no logo information, so plex cannot generate an icon. If XEPG is used as an option, it is generated by the xteve software through network EPG information to generate a local new XML file. By setting it to include the program's logo information, plex obtains the logo and program table information. The following will focus on the configuration method of the xepg option. Many friends choose the xepg option and plex cannot search for channels because of configuration issues.
Decoder Settings
Settings for stream decoder
Because the default setting is the first option, the video is directly read from the original stream without passing through other software. However, due to various reasons such as the stream protocol, plex may experience tuning failure and cannot play. Many people encounter situations where plex can be found but cannot be released, because the first option is chosen here. The three items below are decoding streams using xteve, ffmpeg, and vlc. I chose vlc decoding and filled in the path address of vlc.exe in the VLC/CVLC Binary Path below. This way, the plex stream is the stream decoded by vlc, and as long as vlc can play plex, it can be played.
Fill in the path of the vlc player
After configuring the basic options, you need to configure the path of m3u in the playlist option.
Type selection m3u
Fill in the m3u file path
After joining, you can see the number of TV stations in the live stream source.
Next, set the source of the program list in the XML TV option
The final step is to associate the TV station with the program list in mapping, and only by setting plex correctly can programs be searched.
Open a TV station in mapping.
Name all TV stations according to this rule.
Some TV stations do not have corresponding TV station information in their program schedules, and each program schedule information cannot be duplicated. These TV stations can use virtual program schedules that select xteved.
Virtual Program List
After configuring all the TV stations, the settings for xteve are complete.
Set up the completed xteve interface
4、 Dvr settings for plex
Select Live TV&DVR in the plex settings and click on Set plex dvr. Manually enter the network address.
Click on 'Connect' to continue.
The searched channels will be displayed here. Click to continue
Choose to have an xmltv guide on your server
Fill in the XML file path
Continue all the way to the end, wait for plex to read the program list information, and then you can see the TV programs in the Live TV&DVR options on plex's homepage.
Plex Live Program
Just click on it to watch the live broadcast.
If you want to record that program, you can directly click on the small dot of the program to make an appointment for recording.
Record the program you want to watch regularly
I have created a new movie media library called Recorded TV Programs. Advanced options allow you to set information such as the quality of recorded videos.
Android app interface
Summary: The above is the method of using plex pass members and xteve to watch IPTV live streaming on the Windows platform. The setup process is relatively complex, but it is very convenient to use, and the timed recording function is very practical. Many people encounter situations during the configuration process where there is no platform logo, plex cannot read channels, or channels can be read but cannot be played. This article can be referred to for solutions. The versions on other platforms should be similar and have similar solutions.